Experiments on the action of red Bordeaux wine (claret) on the human body / by E.A. Parkes and Cyprian Wollowicz.

  • Parkes, Edmund A. (Edmund Alexander), 1819-1876.
Date:
1870
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Experiments on the action of red Bordeaux wine (claret) on the human body / by E.A. Parkes and Cyprian Wollowicz. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    were found to be almost identical, the most marked of the few differences being that the blood-red colour given with nitric acid is much more per- manent than in the similar apomorphia reaction. Between the two bases also a very marked difference exists in respect of stability, apocodeia being far superior in this respect to apomorphia; in fact it may be precipitated by ammonia or carbonate of sodium, washed and dried, without undergoing a marked change of colour. The hydrochlorates also differ; for that of apomorphia can be easily crystallized, whereas hydrochlorate of apocodeia has only been obtained in an amorphous state. The preparation of apocodeia is easy and sure, yield- ing a very large product. In this respect it differs materially from apo- morphia, the preparation of which is tedious, and the amount of yield very uncertain, hence the high price of this valuable therapeutical agent. The solutions of the two hydrochlorates also show the same differences that the bases themselves do. In physiological effects also there is a decided difference between the hydrochlorates, that of apomorphia being, as ob- served by Dr. Gee, a very violent emetic, whilst that of apocodeia is, ac- cording to Dr. Legg's experiments, a mild emetic ; it also produces sub- cutaneous abscesses at the place of injection, which the apomorphia salt does not. It has been shown in Part II. (Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 460) of these researches, that when codeia is heated with hydrochloric acid it splits up into chloride of methyl, water, and apomorphia. The action of hydriodic acid on narcotine for the elimination of the methyl containfil^^yt is, how- ever, more energetic than that of hydrochloric acid. TM^pre it was thought probable that, by means of hydriodic acid, CHf^^igj^t be ab- stracted alone, as iodide of methyl, from the codeia, leavio^^^^j^ents of water, and thus forming morphia. /'^v^'^'~~~^^'^^J^v On trying the experiment, however, not a traceyfeMide of met^j«|^as obtained, but the iodide of a new base, which /^/at p^resent undeVr^x- amination. The codeia with which the foregoing experimeiifeWere made was kSj&^ly presented to us by Messrs. M'^Farlan and Co., o\!^<i^burgh, tp^ wjiose liberality we are already so much indebted. Experiments on the Action of Red Bordeaux Wine (Claret) on the Human Body.'' By E. A. Parkes, M.D., F.R.S., Professor of Hygiene in the Army Medical School, and Count Cyprian WoLLowicz, M.D._, Assistant Surgeon, Army Medical Staff. Received July 5, 1870. In the Proceedings of the Royal Society (No. 120) is an account of some experiments with pure alcohol and brandy on a healthy man. This paper is intended as a continuation, with the substitution in the experi- ments of red Bordeaux wine (claret) for alcohol and brandy. The same