On the extent of the pleura above the clavicle / by C.E. Isaacs.

  • Isaacs, C. E. (Charles Edward), 1811-1860.
Date:
1857
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the extent of the pleura above the clavicle / by C.E. Isaacs. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    EXTENT OF THE PLEURA ABOVE THE CLAVICLE. By 0. E. Isaacs, M.D., DEMONSTRATOR OF ANATOMY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, CONSULTING SURGEON TO BLACKWELL’S ISLAND HOSPITAL, ETC., ETC. READ APRIL 1, 1857. If the question were - asked of any well-informed physician or surgeon, What is the extent of the pleura above the clavicle, or, what are the height and width of the pleural sac in that situation ? he would probably answer, that the pleura generally rises about an inch, or perhaps even an inch and a half, above the first rib; that its width here was variable or uncertain; and that he was not even sure that it usually reached above the clavicle, and if so, only to a slight extent. I shall here quote some of the best anatomical authorities, in order to exhibit the present state of information upon this subject. In speaking of the upper portion of the pleura, Horner says: “In proceeding along the first rib, which is very oblique, it forms a sort of bulging bag, which projects towards the tra¬ chea, lines the lower part of the scalenus anticus muscle, and receives the upper extremity of the lung. In order to under¬ stand well the position of the pleura, it must be borne in mind that the upper rib is placed very obliquely downward and for¬ ward, at an angle of forty-five degrees with the spine—conse¬ quently the pleura, on being reflected from its whole internal edge, is much higher at the head of the rib than it is at the