A prize essay on the anatomy of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx of the ox / by Joseph Sampson Gamgee.

  • Gamgee, Sampson, 1828-1886.
Date:
1850
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A prize essay on the anatomy of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx of the ox / by Joseph Sampson Gamgee. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    that the nervous filaments in the papilL* of the tongue are somewhat coiled and then end abruptly. The muscular substance of the tongue is pai-tly intrinsic, viz. proper to the organ itself; and in part extrinsic, being attached to other parts besides the tongue. M. Lavocat arranges the intrinsic fibres of the tongue into five pairs of muscles. We cannot admit this nominal distinction, since all those fibres present two fun- damental characters in common. First, They are all enveloped in the mucous membrane of the tongue, and mainly depend for fixity on the hyoid bone. Secondly, They have the same function; since the tongue of the ox does not, like that of man, admit of the numerous variations in shape which are indispensable for the articulation of sound. We shall restrict ourselves to the classifi- cation of the muscular structure of the tongue into longitudinal, oblique, and transverse fibres. Four pairs of extrinsic muscles belong to the tongue; these are the hyoglossi, longi, breves and superiores, also the genio- hyoglossi. The hyoglossus longus extends from the base to the apex of the tongue. It arises from the inferior and external part of the greater cornu of the os hyoides, and in its progress forwards, becoming flattened and broader, it is attached to the sides of the tongue, being continuous as far as its apex, where it joins its fellow from the opposite side. At the superior and anterior part, this muscle is covered by the mucous membrane of the tongue. It is in contact inferiorly with the sublingual gland, internally with the hyoglossus brevis and genio-hyoglossus. It is crossed by the gustatory nerve, and at its origm it lies just above the lingual nerve and artery, while along its inferior border the ranine artery takes its course. Hyoglossus brevis or basioglossus^ is a flattened muscle, parallel- ogramical in figure, its coarse fasciculi run from the tubercle of the OS hyoides forwards and upwards to the sides and base of the tongue. At the origin its fibres are attached to the genio-hyoideus, and are in contact with the mylohyoideus. On the external surface of the basioglossus traverse the lingual and gustatory nerves; in- tenially the muscle is related to the lingual artery, and also to the genio-hyoglossus.