A prize essay on the anatomy of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx of the ox / by Joseph Sampson Gamgee.

  • Gamgee, Sampson, 1828-1886.
Date:
1850
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A prize essay on the anatomy of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx of the ox / by Joseph Sampson Gamgee. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

    7/22 (page 5)
    being, however, somewhat convex on its anterior surface, and con- cave on its posterior. The inferior cornu is of greater bulk at either extremity than in the middle; and its internal concave and external convex sur- faces join anteriorly in an acute margin. Inferiorly this cornu is related by diarthrosis with the body of the os hyoides. Superiorly, the two gi-eater cornua are implanted through the medium of elastic fibro-cartilage into deep concavities in the proximity of the styloid processes of the temporal bone. The two joints fonned between the body and the inferior cornu, as likewise the other four articulatory connexions of the middle cornu, are lubricated by synovia and enclosed by appropriate capsides. The tongue is a muscular organ. In its structure adipose tissue, glandular structure, bloodvessels, nerves, and mucous membrane enter as auxiliaries to its larger amount of muscular fibre. It is situated in the oral cavity, which is bounded inferiorly and la- terally by the lower maxilla and molar teeth ; anteriorly by the incisors ; above by the anterior and superior maxilla and palatine bones; and posteriorly by the soft palate and fauces. The shape of the tongue is that of a cone ; but it is susceptible of a great variation according to the movements or position of the organ. Its base is attached to the hyoid bone, and laterally (im- mediately behind the last molars) by two folds of mucous mem- brane, which are continuous with the anterior palatine arches, constituting the lateral boundary of the isthmus faucium. Those folds are placed anteriorly to an aggregation of small glands opening into a common cavity, and are (from their situation and structure) comparable to the amygdalre or tonsils of man and other animals. The tongue is covered by mucous membrane which continues from the parietes of the mouth, and forms at the anterior and under surface of the organ a frenum admitting of great freedom of motion. Posteriorly the membrane is reflected over the velum palati; thence it is continuous into the pharynx and larynx, and also with the Schneiderian membrane, through the posterior nares. The external mucous surface of the tongue is beset with papillee, which, according to anatomical peculiarities, admit of division into three classes. First, The papillae vallatae, vol circumvallatee, from seven to