Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists, together with his own ... In four books and four manuals answering to the said books / ... Published by Nich. Culpeper and Abdiah Cole.

  • Bartholin, Thomas, 1616-1680
Date:
1668
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists, together with his own ... In four books and four manuals answering to the said books / ... Published by Nich. Culpeper and Abdiah Cole. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Of the SWufdes in general have carried them right our into the Larynx, as fhe is accidental, and proceeds from another. And there= doth other Nerves of the fixt Pair. Some Mufcles fore Mufcles are alwaies fet one againit another, as receive two branches of Nerves* as the Midrif. fome! Antagonifts. , five, as the temporal Mufcle. The Middle of the Mufcle, which they The middle of call the belly or body, doth for the 4 Mufcle. moft part frvell, and is flelhy ; fome few have a tendon in the middle, as the Mufculus Digaftricus which opens the nether Jaw, and the fecond Pair belonging to the Oj Hydides. The end or taile of a Mufcle, is by fome The end of a called Tendo. by others Chorda, and Apo- Mufcle how neurofis. And the end is fomtimes round, known by fomtimes broad, fomtimes long, other Galen and whiles ihort; fomtimes one, other- otherAnato- whiles more then one. Now this end, mijls ? or tendon* is commonly conceived to be made up of aConcourfe ofFibres, Ligaments, and very fmal Nerves, which by little and Now the ufork of this Motion or Aftion, which is feen in the parts, whereinto the Mufcles are planted, doth vary according to the Variety of Parts. For in the throat it is fwallowing; jnthe Arme bending and ftretching forth, &c. Yea and fomtimes one follows upon another. For the Mufcles of the Cheft, when they aft, do diverfly widen or contrail: the fame, they draw in Air, or expel Fuliginous footy vapors, and caule Refpiration. This Motion of the Mufcles, is fomtimes And that called Voluntary, fomtimes Animal, to Voluntary. diftinguilh it from the natural, in Brutes Spontaneous. For we can haften, orflacken, or flop this motion as we pleafe. And in this motion, the will of a Man or the Appetite ofBrutes, is like an Horfe- _ v _ man guiding and putting his Horfe forward; the little grow into one Body. For they will have a ; Nerves refemble the Reins of the Bridle, and the Muf- r •»* ;-_! - cles are like the Horfe. There are fome Angular Mufi- cles, as of the infide of the Eare, the Midrif, the Mufcles of the Cheft, and Eye-lids; whole motion is partly voluntary and partly natural, becaufe they ma¬ ny times perform their actions, when we have nd thought nor will thereto. The///e of all the Parts of the Mufcle, is 1 Thetifc. after the lame manner, as in every perfect 1 Organ. For i. There is that by which the aftion is primarily and ofitlelf performed, and it is the Fibrous flefh; [ but efpecially according to che FLbres, tor the fidlh being wounded according to the length of the Fibres, the motion remains unhurt, but it isnotfo, when the fibres are wounded] for the moft part the belly of the Mufcle, which is moft pf all contrafted. Hence it is that if you cut a Mufcle of in the beginning end or middle, in a living perfon, or in one that is dead itpuvfes itfelf round and draws it fclfinto itfelflikea ball: as alfo it doth, being call into the water, Rjola- nus counts the principal part to be the tendon, upon which the Aftion depends, becaufe it hath a peculiar fubftance of its own, fuch as is no where to be feen out of a Mufcle. But this is rather true of fibrous flefhy which is in all Mufcles, where as in fome there is no Whither theUead <f a Mufcle be void of fenfe ? Nerve, when it comes to the place of a Mufcle to be divided into divers flips,which are met by a Ligament, cleft after the fame manner. Confequently they De¬ termine. 1. That the Tendon hath the fenfe of Feeling, but not the Head, which they account void of fenfe and Motion. But this is falfe; becaufe the tendinous head of a Mufcle, when it is prickr, breeds Convulfions and cruel Symptomes, juft as if the Head of the Muf¬ cle were prickr. Moreover, the beginning of a Mufcle hath motion, and therefore fenfe. It hath motion, becaufe a Mufcle, even in its Head, is contracted and expanded, efpe¬ cially when it is fleihy. 2. They fay alfo that the End is thicker then the Head : which not- withftanding is fomtimes true and fomtimes falfe, as in theMufculous Biceps, and others. 3. They will have the Tendon to be fofter then the Ligament ( as they call it) or the beginning of the Mufcle, namely fo much fofter, as it is harder then a If it have Motion ? Whether the end be thicker then the Head. Nerve, But the contrary is true, viz. that the Tenclon tendon. 2. That without which it cannot be perfor- is harder then the beginning, becaufe it many times! med as the Nerve: For if the Nerves be hurt the changes into a boney and griftley fubftance, as in the feet of feathered fowle $ but the beginning doth not fo. Moreover, I deny that Nerves Whether the enter into the Tendon. For Aquapen- Nerves go into dent and Hiolanus have obferved, by fre- the Tendon. , quent difleftions, that when they are * entred into the flelh of the Mufcle, they are fpread out into many little branches, which go in¬ to a certain Membranous flexure, and fo vanifh or end, before they come to the tendon. Moreover, a Nerve is foft, how therefore can it be mingled with an hard body ? Neither is the end lefs deftitute of fenfe, then the Head, feeing there come no more Nerves to it then the other: for the Nerve being implanted, tends dowawards,and not upwards. The A chon of a Mufcle'is, Voluntary The aQion of Motion. a Mufcle is The Motion of a Mufcle, is three- Motion. ‘ fold, 1. A Mufcle is contrafted within it fclf, towards the Head; and when this is done the oppofite Mufcle is relaxed and loofi- ned. 2. Being contrafted, it continues fo. And thefe two motions are primary, perfe and not acciden¬ tal, After contraction it is relaxed, which motion j Winch Mufclei do move more Jlrongly ? Mufcle loofes its motion. 3. That by which it is more ftrongly and better performed, as the tendons and tendinous fibres. Wherefore thole Mufcles only, which perform conti¬ nual and ftrong motions, have recei¬ ved united and Confpicuous tendons. For theMufcles do either move them- felvesonly, asthofc of the Fundament and Bladder • or they move alfo. the skin, as in the Lips, forehead and face : and in thefe there is no tendon to be fcen i or they move a bone, and thefe for the moft part evi¬ dently end in tendons, becaufe the ftrong motion of an heavy member did require as much : or they move fome other light thing, as theMufcles of the tongue and Larynx ( lome of which have tendons a^d fome hot) of the Eyes, Stones and YaM. 4. Such parts confcrve and guard the aftion, as the Veins and Art<£ ries, the Membranes and fat. CHAP,