Heredity in ophthalmology / Jules François.

  • François, J. (Jules)
Date:
1961
Catalogue details

Licence: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Credit: Heredity in ophthalmology / Jules François. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    664 GENERAL DISEASES WITH OCl'LAR MANIFESTATIONS l Ш Ô ^ ¿It à Ò □ ¿ ¿ m Fig. 589. Arterial hypertension. Dominant inheritance. (After van Bogaert and Borremans, 1947.) I * f И ж t ГТ 5b ÓÒ Arterial hypertension Hypertensive reaction Fig. 590. Arterial hypertension and positive cold hypertension test. (After Hines, 1937.) Out of 21 cases of cerebral apoplexy, Meggendörfer (1940) found 13 cases of cerebral arteriosclerosis in one of the parents, 3 in both together, 19 among 59 cousins, 5 among 10 uncles and aunts, and 9 among 19 children. Weitz (1940) studied 82 hypertensive persons: 9 times, both parents had died of hypertension and 54 times, one of the two parents had died of hyper¬ tension. In 19 other cases, in 3 instances two cousins were affected and in 10 instances one cousin was also affected. According to Piatt (1947), the immediate parents of hypertensive persons are themselves hypertensive in 76 to 86% of the cases; the percentage falls to 6.4% among the parents of nonhypertensive persons. All these facts obviously argue in favor of autosomal dominance: i\llan, (1933); Hines (1937); Meggendörfer (1940); and van Bogaert and Borremans (1947), 10 cases in 3 generations (Fig. 589). This dominance becomes still more clearly evident (Fig. 590) if one seeks out the latent forms using the Hines cold hypertension test (1937 and 1940). Arterial tension is measured after the immersion of one hand in iced water for 30 seconds. In normal persons, a slight rise in tension occurs, whereas the rise is much more marked and much more prolonged in persons with a tendency to hypertension (Hines prehypertensive state). The familial incidence of arterial hypertension is the same in persons in whom the Hines test is positive as in those who are actually hypertensive, and it is five times higher than in control families. Hines examined seven pairs of uniovular twins, and in all cases the reaction to the test was concordant; he also examined three pairs of binovular twins, and the reaction was concordant in only one case. He never found a positive reaction